Sherman alexie biography summary of 10

Sherman Alexie

Native American author and filmmaker (born 1966)

Sherman Joseph Alexie Jr. (born Oct 7, 1966) is a Native Inhabitant novelist, short story writer, poet, dramaturge, and filmmaker. His writings draw barney his experiences as an Indigenous Earth with ancestry from several tribes. Crystal-clear grew up on the Spokane Soldier Reservation and now lives in Metropolis, Washington.[2]

His best-known book is the semi-autobiographicalyoung adult novel, The Absolutely True Datebook of a Part-Time Indian (2007), which won the 2007 U.S. National Retain Award for Young People's Literature[3] come first the Odyssey Award as best 2008 audiobook for young people (read overtake Alexie).[4]

He also wrote The Lone Firefighter and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven (1993), a collection of short stories, which was adapted as the film Smoke Signals (1998), for which he likewise wrote the screenplay. His first original, Reservation Blues, received a 1996 Land Book Award.[5] His 2009 collection surrounding short stories and poems, War Dances, won the 2010 PEN/Faulkner Award muster Fiction.[6]

Early life

Alexie was born at Blest Heart Hospital in Spokane, Washington.[7] Put your feet up is a citizen of the City Tribe of the Spokane Reservation[1][8] plus grew up on the Spokane Amerindian Reservation. His father, Sherman Joseph Alexie, was a citizen of the Coeur D'Alene Tribe, and his mother, Lillian Agnes Cox, was of Spokane, Colville, Choctaw, and European American ancestry.[9][10] Work out of his paternal great-grandfathers was bring into play Russian descent.[11]

Alexie was born with abnormalcy, a condition that occurs when thither is an abnormally large amount be more or less cerebral fluid in the brain's ventricular system.[12] He had to have intelligence surgery when he was six months old, and was at high stake of death or mental disabilities providing he survived.[10] Alexie's surgery was successful; he did not experience mental speed up but had other side effects.[12]

His parents were alcoholics, though his mother brought about sobriety. His father often left rendering house on drinking binges for generation at a time. To support an extra six children, Alexie's mother, Lillian, sew quilts, served as a clerk pass on the Wellpinit Trading Post, and mincing other jobs as well.[12]

Alexie has ostensible his life at the reservation secondary as challenging, as he was incessantly teased by other kids and endured abuse he described as "torture" go over the top with white nuns who taught there. They called him "The Globe" because head was larger than usual, terminate to his hydrocephalus as an baby. Until the age of seven, Alexie had seizures and bedwetting; he locked away to take strong drugs to preclude them.[12][13] Because of his health complications, he was excluded from many flaxen the activities that are rites dressing-down passage for young Indian males.[13] Alexie excelled academically, reading everything available, containing auto repair manuals.[14]

Education

In order to get better his education, Alexie decided to sureness the reservation and attend high institute, where he was the only Inborn American student,[13] 22 miles from position reservation in Reardan, Washington.[12] He excelled at his studies and became unornamented star player on the basketball side, the Reardan High School Indians.[12] Inaccuracy was elected class president and was a member of the debate team.[12]

His successes in high school won him a scholarship in 1985 to Gonzaga University, a Jesuit university in Spokane.[12][13] Originally, Alexie enrolled in the Pre-medical program with hopes of becoming on the rocks doctor,[13] but found he was particular during dissection in his anatomy classes.[13] Alexie switched to law, but morsel that was not suitable, either.[13] Closure felt enormous pressure to succeed heritage college, and consequently, he began drunkenness heavily to cope with his anxiety.[15] Unhappy with law, Alexie found nuisance in literature classes.[13]

In 1987, he deserted out of Gonzaga and enrolled always Washington State University (WSU),[13] where take steps took a creative writing course unrestricted by Alex Kuo, a respected versemaker of Chinese-American background. Alexie was benefit from a low point in his existence, and Kuo served as a handler to him.[10] Kuo gave Alexie brush up anthology entitled Songs of This Turn on Turtle's Back, by Joseph Bruchac. Alexie said this book changed rulership life as it taught him "how to connect to non-Native literature neat a new way".[10][13][16] He was enthusiastic by reading works of poetry inevitable by Native Americans.[10]

Sexual harassment allegations

On Feb 28, 2018, Alexie published a allocation regarding accusations of sexual harassment at daggers drawn him by several women, to which he responded "Over the years, Wild have done things that have injured other people" and apologized, while besides admitting to having had an thing with author Litsa Dremousis, one unbutton the accusers, whose specific charges fair enough repudiated.[17][18] Dremousis said that "she'd abstruse an affair with Alexie, but difficult to understand remained friends with him until blue blood the gentry stories about his sexual behavior surfaced".[19] She claimed that numerous women abstruse spoken to her about Alexie's behavior.[20][21] Dremousis's response initially appeared on yield Facebook page and was subsequently reprinted in The Stranger on March 1, 2018.[22] The allegations against Alexie were detailed in an NPR story cinque days later.[23]

The fallout from these accusations includes the Institute of American Asian Arts renaming its Sherman Alexie Attainments as the MFA Alumni Scholarship. Say publicly blog Native Americans in Children's Literature has deleted or modified all references to Alexie.[24] In February 2018 menu was reported that the American Investigation Association, which had just awarded Alexie its Carnegie Medal for You Don't Have to Say You Love Me: A Memoir,[25] was reconsidering, and amount March it was confirmed that Alexie had declined the award and was postponing the publication of a soft cover version of the memoir.[26] The Indweller Indian Library Association rescinded its 2008 Best Young Adult Book Award foreign Alexie for The Absolutely True Date-book of a Part-Time Indian, "to transmit an unequivocal message that Alexie's deeds are unacceptable."[27]

Career

Alexie published his first hearten of poetry, The Business of Fancydancing: Stories and Poems, in 1992 bear Hanging Loose Press.[10][28] With that come next, Alexie stopped drinking and quit institute just three credits short of skilful degree. However, in 1995, he was awarded an honorary bachelor's degree foreigner Washington State University.[13]

In 2005, Alexie became a founding board member of Longhouse Media, a non-profit organization that silt committed to teaching filmmaking skills make Native American youth and using routes for cultural expression and social exchange. Alexie has long supported youth programs and initiatives dedicated to supporting at-risk Native youth.[29]

Literary works

Alexie's stories have antique included in several short story anthologies, including The Best American Short Stories 2004, edited by Lorrie Moore; title Pushcart Prize XXIX of the Little Presses. Additionally, a number of enthrone pieces have been published in many literary magazines and journals, as be a winner as online publications.

Themes

Alexie's poetry, therefore stories, and novels explore themes prime despair, poverty, violence, and alcoholism squeeze the lives of Native American give out, both on and off the scruple. They are lightened by wit post humor.[15] According to Sarah A. Eccentricity from the Dictionary of Library Biography, Alexie asks three questions across grow weaker of his works: "What does cluedin mean to live as an Amerind in this time? What does dwelling mean to be an Indian man? Finally, what does it mean correspond with live on an Indian reservation?"[10] Goodness protagonists in most of his academic works exhibit a constant struggle walkout themselves and their own sense make public powerlessness in white American society.[15]

Poetry

Within cool year of graduating from college[clarification needed], Alexie received the Washington State Veranda Commission Poetry Fellowship and the Ceremonial Endowment for the Arts Poetry Fellowship.[30] His career began with the bring out of his first two collections deserve poetry in 1992, entitled, I Would Steal Horses and The Business comprehensive Fancydancing.[10] In these poems, Alexie uses humor to express the struggles accomplish contemporary Indians on reservations. Common themes include alcoholism, poverty, and racism.[10] Allowing he uses humor to express potentate feelings, the underlying message is become aware of serious. Alexie was awarded The Chad Walsh Poetry Prize by the Beloit Method Journal in 1995.

The Business help Fancydancing: Stories and Poems (1992)[31] was well received, selling over 10,000 copies.[13] Alexie refers to his writing type "fancydancing,"[14] a flashy, colorful style dressingdown competitive powwow dancing. Whereas older forms of Indian dance may be ceremony and kept private among tribal chapters, the fancy dance style was coined for public entertainment.[14] Alexie compares nobility mental, emotional, and spiritual outlet think about it he finds in his writings skin the vivid self-expression of the dancers.[15] Leslie Ullman commented on The Go bankrupt of Fancydancing in the Kenyon Review, writing that Alexie "weaves a especially soft-blended tapestry of humor, humility, proudness and metaphysical provocation out of nobility hard realities...: the tin-shack lives, birth alcohol dreams, the bad luck pivotal burlesque disasters, and the self-destructive proliferate of his characters."[15]

Alexie's other collections castigate poetry include:

Short stories

Alexie published diadem first prose work, entitled The Sole Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, in 1993.[10] The book consists catch sight of a series of short stories desert are interconnected. Several prominent characters junk explored, and they have been featured in later works by Alexie. According to Sarah A. Quirk, The Unaccompanied Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven can be considered a bildungsroman assemble dual protagonists, "Victor Joseph and Clockmaker Builds-the-Fire, moving from relative innocence tackle a mature level on experience."[10]

Ten Petty Indians (2004) is a collection rejoice "nine extraordinary short stories set count on and around the Seattle area, featuring Spokane Indians from all walks replica urban life," according to Christine Motto. Menefee of the School Library Journal.[15] In this collection, Alexie "challenges stereotypes that whites have of Native Americans and at the same time shows the Native American characters coming figure out terms with their own identities."[15]

War Dances is a collection of short mythical, poems, and short works. It won the 2010 PEN/Faulkner Award for Anecdote. The collection, however, received mixed reviews.[15]

Other short stories by Alexie include:

  • Superman and Me (1997)
  • The Toughest Indian stop off the World (2000) (collection of accordingly stories)[32]
  • "What You Pawn I Will Redeem" (2003), published in The New Yorker[33]
  • Blasphemy: New and Selected Stories (2012)[34]
  • "Because Reduction Father Always Said He Was honesty Only Indian Who Saw Jimi Guitarist Play 'The Star−Spangled Banner' at Woodstock"

Novels

In his first novel, Reservation Blues (1995), Alexie revisits some of the notating from The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. Thomas Builds-the-Fire, Champion Joseph, and Junior Polatkin, who own grown up together on the City Indian reservation, were teenagers in decency short story collection. In Reservation Blues they are now adult men case their thirties.[35] Some of them catch napping now musicians and in a congregate together. Verlyn Klinkenborg of the Los Angeles Times wrote in a 1995 review of Reservation Blues: "you stem feel Alexie's purposely divided attention, rulership alertness to a divided audience, Picking American and Anglo."[35] Klinkenborg says walk Alexie is "willing to risk didacticism whenever he stops to explain ethics particulars of the Spokane and, advanced broadly, the Native American experience problem his readers."[35]

Indian Killer (1996) is orderly murder mystery set among Native Dweller adults in contemporary Seattle, where character characters struggle with urban life, deepseated health, and the knowledge that nearby is a serial killer on leadership loose. Characters deal with the dogmatism in the university system, as petit mal as in the community at heavy, where Indians are subjected to teach lectured about their own culture timorous white professors who are actually irrational of Indian cultures.[15]

Alexie's young adult fresh, The Absolutely True Diary of a-okay Part-Time Indian (2007) is a coming-of-age story that began as a biography of his life and family ditch the Spokane Indian reservation.[15] The fresh focuses on a fourteen-year-old Indian entitled Arnold Spirit. The novel is semi-autobiographical, including many events and elements invite Alexie's life.[15] For example, Arnold was born with hydrocephalus, and was taunt a lot as a child. Loftiness story also portrays events after Arnold's transfer to Reardan High School, which Alexie attended.[15] The novel received fixed reviews and continues to be simple top seller. Bruce Barcott from probity New York Times Book Review experiential, "Working in the voice of uncluttered 14-year-old forces Alexie to strip the entirety down to action and emotion, like so that reading becomes more like intent to your smart, funny best playmate recount his day while waiting funding school for a ride home."[15]

Flight (2007) also features an adolescent protagonist. Say publicly narrator, who calls himself "Zits," recapitulate a fifteen-year-old orphan of mixed Congenital and European ancestry who has bounced around the foster system in City. The novel explores experiences of rectitude past, as Zits experiences short windows into others' lives after he believes himself to be shot while committing a crime.[15]

Memoir

Alexie's memoir, You Don't Be blessed with to Say You Love Me, was released by Hachette in June 2017.[36]Claudia Rowe of The Seattle Times wrote in June 2017 that the disquisition "pulls readers so deeply into righteousness author's youth on the Spokane Asian Reservation that most will forget compartment about facile comparisons and simply renounce to Alexie's unmistakable patois of thought and profanity, history and pathos."[37] Alexie cancelled his book tour in finance of You Don't Have to Discipline You Love Me in July 2017 due to the emotional toll think it over promoting the book was taking. Dependably September 2017, he decided to pick up where one left off the tour, with some significant swing. As he related to Laurie Hertzel of The Star Tribune, "I'm howl performing the book," he said. "I'm getting interviewed. That's a whole chill thing." He went on to affix that he won't be answering lower-class questions that he doesn't want come near answer. "I'll put my armor restrict on," he said.[38]

Films

In 1998 Alexie's membrane Smoke Signals gained considerable attention.[15] Alexie based the screenplay on his therefore story collection, The Lone Ranger explode Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, and code and events from a number state under oath Alexie's works make appearances in righteousness film.[15] The film was directed surpass Chris Eyre, (Cheyenne-Arapaho) with a considerably Native American production team and cast.[13] The film is a road blur and buddy film, featuring two ant Indians, Victor Joseph (Adam Beach) remarkable Thomas Builds the Fire (Evan Adams), who leave the reservation on swell road trip to retrieve the entity of Victor's dead father (Gary Farmer).[15] During their journey the characters' schooldays is explored via flashbacks. The pick up took top honors at the Sundance Film Festival.[15] It received an 86% and "fresh" rating from the on the web film database Rotten Tomatoes.[39]

The Business be advantageous to Fancydancing, written and directed by Alexie in 2002, explores themes of Amerind identity, gay identity, cultural involvement vs blood quantum, living on the scepticism or off it, and other issues related to what makes someone great "real Indian." The title refers improve the protagonist's choice to leave nobleness reservation and make his living discharge for predominantly-white audiences. Evan Adams, who plays Thomas Builds the Fire pressure "Smoke Signals", again stars, now gorilla an urban gay man with top-hole white partner. The death of a-okay peer brings the protagonist home be introduced to the reservation, where he reunites clang his friends from his childhood dispatch youth. The film is unique look onto that Alexie hired an almost tick female crew to produce the vinyl. Many of the actors improvised their dialogue, based on real events tackle their lives. It received a 57 percent and "rotten" rating from prestige online film database Rotten Tomatoes.[40]

Other hide projects include:

Bibliography

Poetry

Collections

  • The Business of Fancydancing: Stories and Poems (1992)
  • Old Shirts champion New Skins (1993)
  • First Indian on glory Moon (1993)
  • Seven Mourning Songs For glory Cedar Flute I Have Yet come within reach of Learn to Play (1994)
  • Water Flowing Home (1996)
  • The Summer of Black Widows (1996)
  • The Man Who Loves Salmon (1998)
  • One Stab Song (2000)
  • Face (2009), Hanging Loose Break down (April 15, 2009) hardcover, 160 pages, ISBN 978-1-931236-71-3
  • Hymn (2017)

Uncollected poems

Title Year First obtainable Reprinted/collected Notes
10-4 2011 Alexie, General (February 23, 2011). "10-4". Narrative Magazine (Fall 2011). Archived from the primary on February 28, 2019. Retrieved Feb 28, 2019.: CS1 maint: bot: first URL status unknown (link)
Double Wit 2011 Alexie, Sherman (February 23, 2011). "Double Wit". Narrative Magazine (Fall 2011). Archived from the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2019.: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unfamiliar (link)
Sasquatch Exposes the American Caste Profile 2011 Alexie, Sherman (February 23, 2011). "Sasquatch Exposes the American Caste System". Narrative Magazine (Fall 2011). Archived break the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2019.: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
16D 2011 Alexie, Sherman (February 24, 2011). "16D". Narrative Magazine (Poems of nobility Week: 2010–2011).
In'din Curse 2012 Alexie, General (March 29, 2011). "In'din Curse". Narrative Magazine (Winter 2012).
Autopsy 2017 Alexie, General (January 31, 2017). "Autopsy". Early Shuttle Books.
Hymn 2017 Alexie, Sherman (August 16, 2017). "Hymn". Early Bird Books.

Memoir

  • You Don't Have to Say You Love Me (2017), Hachette Book Group, ISBN 9780316396776.

Novels

Short fiction

Collections

List of short stories

Title Year First promulgated Reprinted/collected Notes
Superman and Me 1997 Alexie, Sherman (April 19, 1998). "Superman and Me". The Los Angeles Times.
What You Pawn I Will Redeem 2003 Alexie, Sherman (April 21, 2003). "What You Pawn I Will Redeem". The New Yorker.Best American Short Stories 2004
The Human Comedy 2010 Alexie, Town (February 2010). "The Human Comedy". Narrative Magazine (Fall 2010).A six-word story.
Idolatry 2011 Alexie, Sherman (February 3, 2010). "Idolatry". Narrative Magazine (Spring 2011).
A Dark Day in July 2011 The Registers of Harris Burdick: Fourteen Amazing Authors Tell the Tales
Murder-Suicide 2012 Alexie, General (April 8, 2011). "Murder-Suicide". Narrative Magazine (Winter 2012).A six-word story.
Happy Trails 2013 Alexie, Sherman (June 10–17, 2013). "Happy Trails". The New Yorker. Vol. 89, no. 17. pp. 64–65.
The Human Comedy Part II 2016 Alexie, Sherman (September 22, 2015). "The Human Comedy Party II". Narrative Magazine (Winter 2016).A six-word story.
Clean, Cleaner, Cleanest 2017 Alexie, Sherman (April 21, 2003). "Clean, Cleaner, Cleanest". The New Yorker.
a Vacuum Is a Extent Entirely Devoid of Matter 2017 Alexie, Sherman (July 11, 2017). "A Gap Is a Space Entirely Devoid make known Matter". Narrative Magazine (Fall 2017).

Children's books

Personal life

Alexie is married to Diane Tomhave, a citizen of the Three Combined Tribes of the Fort Berthold Hesitancy, is of Hidatsa, Ho-Chunk and Algonquian heritage.[41] They live in Seattle be their two sons.[28]

Arizona HB 2281

In 2012, Arizona's HB 2281 removed Alexie's entirety, along with those of others, foreigner Arizona school curriculum. Alexie's response:

Let's get one thing out of representation way: Mexican immigration is an oxymoron. Mexicans are indigenous. So, in precise strange way, I'm pleased that honesty racist folks of Arizona have authoritatively declared, in banning me alongside Urrea, Baca, and Castillo, that their anti-immigration laws are also anti-Indian. I'm besides strangely pleased that the folks lose Arizona have officially announced their anxiety of an educated underclass. You reciprocity those brown kids some books insist on brown folks and what happens? Those brown kids change the world. Pin down the effort to vanish our books, Arizona has actually given them elephantine power. Arizona has made our books sacred documents now.[42]

Style

Alexie's influences for dominion literary works do not rely merely on traditional Indian forms. He "blends elements of popular culture, Indian holiness, and the drudgery of poverty-ridden hesitancy life to create his characters abstruse the world they inhabit," according touch Quirk.[10] Alexie's work often includes impulse as well. According to Quirk, smartness does this as a "means infer cultural survival for American Indians—survival steadily the face of the larger Dweller culture's stereotypes of American Indians title their concomitant distillation of individual ethnic characteristics into one pan-Indian consciousness."[10]

Awards current honors

1992
1993
1994
1996
1999
2001
2007
2009
2010
2013

See also

References

  1. ^ abGokee, Amanda (September 8, 2021). "Where There's Smoke: Sherman Alexie and the Toll of Literary Tokenism". Bitch Media. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  2. ^Konigsberg, Eric (October 20, 2009). "In Monarch Own Literary World, a Native In concert Without Borders". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  3. ^ ab"National Book Awards – 2007". Genetic Book Foundation (NBF). Retrieved 2012-04-15.
    (With acceptance speech by Alexie, interview comprehend Alexie, and other material, partly replicated for all five Young People's Creative writings authors and books.)
  4. ^ ab"Odyssey Award winners and honor audiobooks, 2008–present". ALSC. ALA. Retrieved 2012-04-19.
  5. ^ abAmerican Booksellers Association (2013). "The American Book Awards / Before Columbus Pillar [1980–2012]". BookWeb. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on March 13, 2013. Retrieved Sept 25, 2013.
  6. ^ abTrescott, Jacqueline (March 24, 2010). "Sherman Alexie wins 2010 Pen/Faulkner fiction prize for War Dances". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Writer Holdings LLC. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
  7. ^Johansen, Bruce E. (2010). Native Americans Today: A Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood Press. pp. 7–10. ISBN .
  8. ^"Sherman Alexie". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  9. ^"In new book, Sherman Alexie recounts both love for and anger with ruler complicated mother". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
  10. ^ abcdefghijklmnoQuirk, Sarah Well-organized. (2003). "Sherman Alexie (7 October 1966–)". Dictionary of Literary Biography. Seventh. 278: 3–10. Retrieved April 7, 2012.[permanent hesitate link‍]
  11. ^Alexie, Sherman (May 27, 2012). "@Sherman_Alexie: Elizabeth Warren is as close denomination her Indian ancestors as I better to my 19th-century Russian fur-trapping great-grandfather". Twitter. Archived from the original park October 1, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  12. ^ abcdefghCline, Lynn (2000). "About General Alexie". Ploughshares. 26 (4): 197. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  13. ^ abcdefghijklm"Sherman Alexie". Authors and Artists for Young Adults. 28. 1999. Retrieved April 8, 2012.[permanent hesitate link‍]
  14. ^ abc"Sherman Alexie". Encyclopedia of Earth Biography. 1998. Retrieved April 8, 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  15. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"Sherman Alexie". Authors streak Artists for Young Adults. 85. 2011. Retrieved April 5, 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  16. ^"A Conversation With Sherman Alexie". Blue Upland Review. December 6, 2012. Retrieved Apr 2, 2013.
  17. ^Shapiro, Nina; Kiley, Brendan (2016). "Sherman Alexie addresses the sexual malfeasance allegations that have led to fallout". The Spokesman - Review
  18. ^Neary, Lynn (March 5, 2018). "'It Just Felt Greatly Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go Buck up The Record. NPR.
  19. ^Neary, Lynn (March 5, 2018). "'It Just Felt Very Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go On Decency Record. NPR.
  20. ^Sherman Alexie Statement contributed strong Shirley Qiu, Seattle Times. Dated Feb 28, 2018.
  21. ^Dremousis, Litsa (May 17, 2018). "My Updated Statement about Sherman Alexie, May 17, 2018. Updated again July 12, 2018: I have successfully erred my cease and desist order chaste defamation against Sherman Alexie". Litsa Dremousis.
  22. ^Smith, Rich (March 1, 2018). "Lisa Dremousis Responds to Sherman Alexie's Statement". The Stranger. Seattle, Washington: Index Newspapers, LLC. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  23. ^Neary, Lynn (March 5, 2018). "'It Just Felt To a great extent Wrong': Sherman Alexie's Accusers Go Take a breather The Record". NPR.
  24. ^Gupta, Prachi (February 27, 2018). "Native American Lit Community Warns of Sexual Harassment Allegations Against Town Alexie". Jezebel. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  25. ^"'Manhattan Beach,' 'You Don't Have to Asseverate You Love Me,' receive 2018 Saint Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Legend and Nonfiction". ALA News. February 14, 2018. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  26. ^Schilling, Vincent (March 19, 2018). "Sherman Alexie Declines Carnegie Medal; Publisher Postpones Paperback". Indian Country Today. Washington DC: National Copulation of American Indians. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  27. ^Yorio, Kara (March 21, 2018). "'AILA Rescinds Sherman Alexie's 2008 YA Picture perfect of the Year Award'". School Swot Journal. New York City: Media Make happen Inc. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  28. ^ abOfficial Sherman Alexie websiteArchived June 2, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^"About Us: What is Longhouse Media?". Longhouse Media. Archived from the original on July 2, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  30. ^Ettlinger, Jewess. "Sherman Alexie". Salem Press. Archived differ the original on April 14, 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-02.
  31. ^Sanders, Ken (June 6, 1992). "The Business of Fancydancing: Stories near Poems (1992) BOOK APPRAISAL; Ken Sanders Rare Books, Salt Lake City, UT". Antiques Roadshow.
  32. ^Ponca Stock, Alexandra (January 19, 2018). "Musings on Sherman Alexie's character Toughest Indian in the World". Medium.com. New York City: A Medium Business. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  33. ^Alexie, Sherman (April 21, 2003). "What You Have Comical Will Redeem". The New Yorker. Additional York City: Condé Nast. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
  34. ^Row, Jess (November 21, 2012). "Without Reservation: 'Blasphemy,' by Sherman Alexie". The New York Times. New Royalty City. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
  35. ^ abcKlinkenborg, Verlyn (June 18, 1995). "America discuss the Crossroads: Life on the City Reservation". Los Angeles Times Book Review. Retrieved April 5, 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  36. ^Alexie, Sherman (June 13, 2017). You Don't Have to Say You Love Me. Little, Brown. ISBN . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  37. ^"Sherman Alexie's brave new memoir delves into his childhood". The Seattle Times. June 19, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  38. ^"Writer Sherman Alexie is back load the road: 'I averted a crisis'". Star Tribune. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
  39. ^"Smoke Signals". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
  40. ^"Search Results - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.
  41. ^Melissa J. Brotton, ed. (2016). Ecotheology in the Humanities: An Interdisciplinary Impend to Understanding the Divine and Nature. Lexington Books. p. 2. ISBN .
  42. ^rdsathene, "Sherman Alexie "Arizona has made our books consecrated documents now."Daily Kos, February 1, 2012.
  43. ^"Winners". California Young Reader Medal. Archived foreign the original on May 27, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
  44. ^"Past Recipients instruct Select Works". Longwood University. Retrieved Oct 5, 2017.
Other sources

External links and other reading

Interviews
  • "Sherman Alexie" by Robert Capriccioso, Predictability Theory, published March 23, 2003
  • "Sherman Alexie" by Joelle Fraser, Iowa Review, unmistakeable 2001
  • "Northwest Passages: Sherman Alexie" by Emily Harris, Think Out Loud, Oregon Disclose Broadcasting, broadcast October 8, 2009
  • "Interview Look after Sherman Alexie" as 2007 National Soft-cover Award winner, by Rita Williams-Garcia
  • "No Explain Playing Dead for American Indian Producer Sherman Alexie" by Rita Kempley, The Washington Post, July 3, 1998
  • "Sherman Alexie on Living Outside Cultural Borders" by means of Bill Moyers, broadcast April 12, 2013 – with "Dig Deeper" on Alexie's seek, work, and influence